Effect of selenium-enriched malt on hypoglycemia and regulatory hormones in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinoma SD rats

One hundred and ninety-three Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (average body weight being 100–120 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (I–V). Animals in group I and group II served as the negative control and positive control, respectively, and both received 0.1 mg/kg selenium (Se) from sodium selenite. Animals in groups III–V were fed with Se from Se-enriched malt (SEM) supplemented diets (0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg, respectively). Simultaneously, hepatocarcinoma were induced in groups II–V by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) solution (100 mg/L) at the dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight every day as drinking water for 16 weeks, then sterilized water for a further two weeks. Rats of group I drank sterilized water during the whole experimental time. At 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th week, five rats in each group were then sacrificed by cervical decapitation. At the termination of the study, at 18th week, the surplus rats were sacrificed by cervical decapitation. Feed was withheld from the rats for 12 h before sampling. The values of plasma glucose at different sampling times were measured. The values of the hormones in plasma related to plasma glucose metabolism, including insulin, glucagon, insulin-like growth factors-II (IGF-II), and the ratios of insulin/glucose (IGR₁), insulin/glucagon (IGR₂) and glucagon/glucose (GGR) were determined. At the same time, the correlation of plasma glucose concentrations related to hormones was statistically analyzed. The results indicated that the values of plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon and GGR in the groups treated with DEN were decreased significantly as compared with that of the negative control group, however, the values of IGF-II and IGR₂ were increased significantly. SEM showed a significant effect in suppressing the decreased of plasma glucose and glucagons, and delaying the increased of IGF-II and IGR₂ in the DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma rats. The plasma glucose concentrations revealed a significant relation to the hormones. In conclusion, SEM could reduce the development of hypoglycemia in the DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma rats by regulating the relative levels and balances or proportions of hormones.     

南美斑潜蝇危害洋葱的产量损失测定和防治指标初步研究

 南美斑潜蝇［Liriomyza huidobrensis（Blanchard）,Lh］是冬春洋葱上的主要害虫之一。为将Lh控制在经济危害水平（EIL）之下,采用1%7051杀虫素2000倍液,在洋葱上Lh初发阶段,施药1,3,5次,人为造成洋葱上Lh的虫害梯度。应用试验结果,建立Lh幼虫量与产量损失的回归方程:Y=103.039 8－0.415 6 x,r=－0.970 6^**, Lh幼虫虫口量与产量呈负相关。根据单叶虫量与单株产量相关性的数学模型:Y=0.400 9－0.080 9 x,进行防治指标研究,当y=0时,x=4.955 5,即平均每叶有幼虫5头时应进行防治。     

新生犊牛某些营养代谢成分和激素水平昼夜动态变化规律的研究

研究６头健康新生犊牛３日龄和１０日龄时血液营养代谢成分和激素水平的昼夜动态变化结果表明：血糖（Ｇｌｕ）的平均水平夜间较昼间高．进食后血糖明显升高，１０日龄较３日龄时进食反应显著；α－氨基氮（α－ＮＨ２．Ｎ）昼夜间差别不大，进食后．先稍降．而后升高；胰岛素（Ｉｎｓ）夜间高于昼间．进食可引起Ｉｎｓ升高，其升高程度随日龄增长明显加强；胰高血糖素（ＧＣ）清晨至中午分泌水平较低．至夜晚２０：００－２２：００时出现分泌高峰；皮质醇（Ｃｏｒｔ）分泌峰值出现在午夜至凌晨，随年龄增长．有后移的趋势；生长激素（ＧＨ）夜间较昼间高，在凌晨０２：００－０６：００时出现连续性分泌高峰。说明犊牛在生后３日龄时某些生理节律性已建立，而且呈现一定的年龄性变化规律。     

三维激光扫描系统在林业中的应用研究

该文介绍了三维激光扫描系统的组成、工作原理及仪器的性能指标、特点和操作方法.通过甘肃省小陇山林区实验,首次将三维激光扫描系统引入林业调查.通过三维激光扫描仪获取单株立木空间点云数据,利用软件建立了立木三维模型.从三维模型上可直接量测立木树高、胸径、冠幅和计算立木材积,利用获取的材积可进一步建立立木材积方程和编制立木材积表.通过与伐倒木实测数据对比,采用该系统获取的测树因子和立木材积均满足林业调查的精度要求.研究表明,采用三维激光扫描系统可实现对疏林单株立木的无损伤、高效、精准监测,可在森林资源调查中应用.     

薄层层析-分光光度法测定松萝酸含量的研究

以乙酸乙酯为提取溶剂、氯仿∶苯∶甲醇(4∶4∶1)为展开剂,利用薄层层析-分光光度法测定长松萝中松萝酸的含量。在282 nm处测吸光值,结果表明,在相同板上测定松萝酸含量重现性好,精密度高,RSD为3.44%,加样回收率为96.10%。     

猪γ干扰素基因真核重组表达质粒的构建及活性测定

以含有全长猪γ干扰素基因的质粒为模板,通过PCR方法扩增猪γ干扰素并引入酶切位点,酶切后与PCI真核表达载体连接在一起,测序后经比较,所扩增序列同Genebank报道的IFN-γ序列同源性为99·8%.将重组质粒转染PK细胞,检测所转染的pIFN-γ的抗病毒活性.试验结果表明,转染pIFN-γ试验组与正常细胞接毒对照组比较有显著差异,说明所构建的重组质粒转染后具有抗病毒作用.     

20种有毒植物的不同提取物对玉米弯孢叶斑病菌的抑菌活性测定

用生长速率测定法，测试了长白山20种有毒植物的不同溶剂提取物对玉米弯孢叶斑病菌（Curvularia lunata Boed．）的离体抑制活性．结果表明，供试20种有毒植物的不同溶剂提取物在稀释1000倍的情况下，艾蒿正丁醇提取物对供试病原菌的菌丝生长抑制率最高（81．01％），藜芦生物碱提取物与延胡索氯仿提取物也表现出较高的活性。     

雏鸡新城疫免疫后部分黏膜中抗新城疫IgG的检测

利用新城疫Ⅳ系对不同免疫途径免疫后雏鸡的泪液、气管液、血清中抗新城疫病毒的HI抗体效价进行了检测。结果表明：黏膜免疫途径比非黏膜免疫途径更活跃地激活黏膜免疫应答部位产生IgG，并且黏膜免疫后，离Ag刺激近的部位免疫应答较强。黏膜免疫应答部位的HI抗体在一免后要比血清中抗体效价高，而二免后其IgG含量要低于血清中IgG含量。     

产气荚膜梭菌和腐败梭菌在厌氧菌基础培养基中的生长特性

测定了产气荚膜梭菌B型、D型和腐败梭菌在新研制的厌氧菌基础培养基中的生长曲线和产毒能力等特性。结果表明,这些细菌可以在新培养基中良好生长和产毒。产气荚膜梭菌B 型经2 h 的适应期后,很快进入对数生长期,培养到8 h细菌密度接近最高值,OD630为4.329;经检测,培养4 h~24 h的细菌所产生的毒素(培养物上清)1μL~2μL可致死KM小鼠。产气荚膜梭菌D型的生长速度也较快,无适应期就直接进入对数生长期,培养到12 h 时细菌密度最高, OD630 为1.75;细菌最佳产毒期在6 h~14 h,培养物上清0.5μL~0.65μL可致死KM小鼠。腐败梭菌生长速度较慢,经6 h的适应期后,才进入对数生长期,培养到14 h时细菌密度最高,OD630为1.335;细菌毒力在培养后的6 h~24 h内10μL菌液可达到在24 h内致死KM小鼠的效果。     

辣椒红色素的检测方法

综述辣椒红色素的多种检测方法,即溶解性试验、显色反应、分光光度测定法及薄层层析法。